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ItalianoOylum | |
|---|---|
  Oylum Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°41′52″N 37°10′50″E / 36.69778°N 37.18056°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kilis |
| District | Kilis |
| Municipality | Kilis |
| Population (2022) | 517 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Oylum is a neighbourhood of the city Kilis, Kilis District, Kilis Province, Turkey.[1] The village had a population of 517 in 2022.[2]
In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 15 houses inhabited by Turks.[3]
Archaeology
[edit]Oylum is home to a höyük mound with evidence of settlement dating as far back as the Chalcolithic.[4] Settlement continued into the Bronze and Iron Ages.[4] Some or all of the settlement was destroyed by fire twice in the Middle Bronze Age.[4] A third destruction event in the Late Bronze Age may be associated with Šuppiluliuma I's military campaign in Syria.[5]
The name of the site during this period of settlement has not been definitively determined.[5] "Oylum might be the Ulisum/Ullis referred to in the third millennium BC and the Ullaza/Ukulzat/Kuilzila of the second millennium BC."[5] Alternatively, Oylum has been suggested as the location of Hassuwa.[4]
Excavations have revealed a palace or administrative building dating to the Middle Bronze Age I period that was destroyed by fire. A well-preserved pottery kiln was discovered that was built during the Middle Bronze Age II period on top of the palace ruins.[6]
Bronze Age artifacts discovered at Oylum Höyük that contain inscriptions include a fragmentary cuneiform tablet from the Hittite period, which has been identified as a treaty between the Hittite King and a local ruler;[4] a lapis lazuli cylinder seal with a cuneiform inscription indicating that it belonged to a vizier named Bitna;[5] and a tablet written in Old Babylonian concerning a commercial debt.[5] Non-epigraphic finds suggest that Bronze Age Oylum shared a similar material culture to nearby Alalakh.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
- ^ "Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) - Results of 31 December 2022" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
- ^ Hartmann, Martin (1894). Das liwa Haleb (Aleppo) und ein Teil des Liwa Dschebel Bereket. Berlin: W. Pormetter. p. 95.
- ^ a b c d e Ünal, Ahmet (2015). "A Hittite Treaty Tablet from Oylum Höyük in Southeastern Turkey and the Location of Ḫaššu(Wa)". Anatolian Studies. 65: 19–34.
- ^ a b c d e f Engin, Atilla (2020). "OYLUM HÖYÜK AND ALALAKH: CULTURAL RELATIONS IN THE SECOND MILLENNIUM BC". In Yener, Aslihan; Ingman, Tara (eds.). Alalakh and its Neighbours. Bristol, CT: Peeters. pp. 275–305. ISBN 978-90-429-3893-9. Retrieved 9 June 2025.
- ^ Ezer, Sabahattin (2024). "Middle Bronze Age II Pottery Kiln at Oylum Höyük". Belleten. 88 (313): 663–695. Retrieved 9 June 2025.
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