This is a copy of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2, also available online here; any discrepancies between this copy and the version there are accidental, and that document is definitive. This copy is provided as a courtesy to those contributors to Wikivoyage who wish to release their work under a dual license.

GNU Free Documentation License ****************************** 

                     Version 1.2, November 2002     Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA 

    Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 

 0. PREAMBLE 

    The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other     functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to     assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,     with or without modifying it, either commercially or     noncommercially.  Secondarily, this License preserves for the     author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not     being considered responsible for modifications made by others. 

    This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative     works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.     It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft     license designed for free software. 

    We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for     free software, because free software needs free documentation: a     free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms     that the software does.  But this License is not limited to     software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless     of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book.     We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is     instruction or reference. 

 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 

    This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,     that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it     can be distributed under the terms of this License.  Such a notice     grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration,     to use that work under the conditions stated herein.  The     "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work.  Any member     of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".  You     accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a     way requiring permission under copyright law. 

    A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the     Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with     modifications and/or translated into another language. 

    A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section     of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the     publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall     subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could     fall directly within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document     is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not     explain any mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of     historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or     of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position     regarding them. 

    The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose     titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in     the notice that says that the Document is released under this     License.  If a section does not fit the above definition of     Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant.     The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections.  If the Document     does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none. 

    The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are     listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice     that says that the Document is released under this License.  A     Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may     be at most 25 words. 

    A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,     represented in a format whose specification is available to the     general public, that is suitable for revising the document     straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images     composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some     widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to     text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of     formats suitable for input to text formatters.  A copy made in an     otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of     markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent     modification by readers is not Transparent.  An image format is     not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text.  A     copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". 

    Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain     ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format,     SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and     standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for     human modification.  Examples of transparent image formats include     PNG, XCF and JPG.  Opaque formats include proprietary formats that     can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or     XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally     available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF     produced by some word processors for output purposes only. 

    The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,     plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the     material this License requires to appear in the title page.  For     works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title     Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the     work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 

    A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document     whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses     following text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ     stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as     "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)     To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the     Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according     to this definition. 

    The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice     which states that this License applies to the Document.  These     Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in     this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other     implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and     has no effect on the meaning of this License. 

 2. VERBATIM COPYING 

    You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either     commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the     copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License     applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you     add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You     may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading     or further copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However,     you may accept compensation in exchange for copies.  If you     distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow     the conditions in section 3. 

    You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,     and you may publicly display copies. 

 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY 

    If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly     have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and     the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must     enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all     these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and     Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly     and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies.  The     front cover must present the full title with all words of the     title equally prominent and visible.  You may add other material     on the covers in addition.  Copying with changes limited to the     covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and     satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in     other respects. 

    If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit     legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit     reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto     adjacent pages. 

    If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document     numbering more than 100, you must either include a     machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or     state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from     which the general network-using public has access to download     using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent     copy of the Document, free of added material.  If you use the     latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you     begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that     this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated     location until at least one year after the last time you     distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or     retailers) of that edition to the public. 

    It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of     the Document well before redistributing any large number of     copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated     version of the Document. 

 4. MODIFICATIONS 

    You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document     under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you     release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with     the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus     licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to     whoever possesses a copy of it.  In addition, you must do these     things in the Modified Version: 

      A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title          distinct from that of the Document, and from those of          previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed          in the History section of the Document).  You may use the          same title as a previous version if the original publisher of          that version gives permission. 

      B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or          entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in          the Modified Version, together with at least five of the          principal authors of the Document (all of its principal          authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you          from this requirement. 

      C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the          Modified Version, as the publisher. 

      D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 

      E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications          adjacent to the other copyright notices. 

      F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license          notice giving the public permission to use the Modified          Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in          the Addendum below. 

      G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant          Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's          license notice. 

      H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. 

      I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title,          and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new          authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on          the Title Page.  If there is no section Entitled "History" in          the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors,          and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,          then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in          the previous sentence. 

      J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document          for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and          likewise the network locations given in the Document for          previous versions it was based on.  These may be placed in          the "History" section.  You may omit a network location for a          work that was published at least four years before the          Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version          it refers to gives permission. 

      K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",          Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the          section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor          acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein. 

      L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,          unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers          or the equivalent are not considered part of the section          titles. 

      M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section          may not be included in the Modified Version. 

      N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled          "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant          Section. 

      O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 

    If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or     appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no     material copied from the Document, you may at your option     designate some or all of these sections as invariant.  To do this,     add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified     Version's license notice.  These titles must be distinct from any     other section titles. 

    You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains     nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various     parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text     has been approved by an organization as the authoritative     definition of a standard. 

    You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,     and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end     of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one     passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be     added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the     Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,     previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity     you are acting o n behalf of, you may not add another; but you may     replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous     publisher that added the old one. 

    The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this     License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to     assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 

 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS 

    You may combine the Document with other documents released under     this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for     modified versions, provided that you include in the combination     all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,     unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your     combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all     their Warranty Disclaimers. 

    The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and     multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single     copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name     but different contents, make the title of each such section unique     by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the     original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a     unique number.  Make the same adjustment to the section titles in     the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the     combined work. 

    In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled     "History" in the various original documents, forming one section     Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled     "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You     must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements." 

 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS 

    You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other     documents released under this License, and replace the individual     copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy     that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the     rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the     documents in all other respects. 

    You may extract a single document from such a collection, and     distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert     a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow     this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of     that document. 

 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS 

    A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other     separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of     a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the     copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the     legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual     works permit.  When the Document is included an aggregate, this     License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which     are not themselves derivative works of the Document. 

    If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these     copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half     of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed     on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the     electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic     form.  Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket     the whole aggregate. 

 8. TRANSLATION 

    Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may     distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section     4.  Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special     permission from their copyright holders, but you may include     translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the     original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a     translation of this License, and all the license notices in the     Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also     include the original English version of this License and the     original versions of those notices and disclaimers.  In case of a     disagreement between the translation and the original version of     this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will     prevail. 

    If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",     "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to     Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the     actual title. 

 9. TERMINATION 

    You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document     except as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other     attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,     from you under this License will not have their licenses     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE 

    The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of     the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may     differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See     `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'. 

    Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version     number.  If the Document specifies that a particular numbered     version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of     that specified version or of any later version that has been     published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If     the Document does not specify a version number of this License,     you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the     Free Software Foundation. 

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents ==================================================== 

  To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of   the License in the document and put the following copyright and license   notices just after the title page: 

      Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;       with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.       A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU       Free Documentation License". 

  If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover   Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this: 

        with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with         the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts         being LIST. 

  If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other   combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the   situation. 

  If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we   recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of   free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to   permit their use in free software.