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1820 historical world map

History is the systematic study of the past with its main focus on the human past. Historians analyse and interpret primary and secondary sources to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. They engage in source criticism to assess the authenticity, content, and reliability of these sources. It is controversial whether the resulting historical narratives can be truly objective and whether history is a social science rather than a discipline of the humanities. Influential schools of thought include positivism, the Annales school, Marxism, and postmodernism. Some branches of history focus on specific time periods, such as ancient history, particular geographic regions, such as the history of Africa, or distinct themes, such as political, social, and economic history. History emerged as a field of inquiry in antiquity to replace myth-infused narratives, with influential early traditions originating in Greece, China, and later in the Islamic world. (Full article...)

Boulder–Deer Creek Pass

• ... that Boulder–Deer Creek Pass (pictured) is home to "Togo" wolves and is a potential habitat for grizzly bears?
• ... that Wang Yungui lifted her family out of poverty, then helped hundreds of other people in her home village to do likewise?
• ... that Inua Ellams created the antagonist for "The Story & the Engine" after learning that "ghost writer" translates to 'Black person' in French?
• ... that Regina George was once voted the "meanest high school film character of all time"?
• ... that The Guardian recommended Buried Alive! as a book to help children make friends?
• ... that John Lynch was at one point the only honors linguistics student at the University of Sydney?
• ... that Pope John Paul I broke with tradition by declining to be crowned with a tiara at his inauguration?
• ... that Robin Adair Harvey reached 17 state championships in 24 years as a high school field hockey coach?
• ... that British troops during the sack of Yogyakarta looted all the court archives and manuscripts except for a single Quran?

Melissa Hortman

• In the US state of Minnesota, state representative Melissa Hortman (pictured) is assassinated and state senator John Hoffman is injured.
• Former president of Nicaragua and first elected female president in the Americas Violeta Chamorro dies at the age of 95.
• Israel launches multiple airstrikes across cities in Iran, killing various nuclear scientists and military officials, including IRGC Commander-in-Chief Hossein Salami.
• Air India Flight 171 crashes in Ahmedabad, India, killing 279 people.

June 19: Feast of Corpus Christi (2025), Juneteenth in the United States (1865)

Lou Gehrig baseball card

• 1785 – The proprietors of King's Chapel, Boston, voted to adopt James Freeman's Book of Common Prayer, thus establishing the first Unitarian church in the Americas.
• 1838 – The Maryland province of the Jesuits contracted to sell 272 slaves to buyers in Louisiana in one of the largest slave sales in American history.
• 1939 – American baseball player Lou Gehrig (pictured) was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, now commonly known in the United States as "Lou Gehrig's disease".
• 1987 – The Basque separatist group ETA detonated a car bomb at a Hipercor shopping centre in Barcelona, killing 21 people and injuring 45 others.
• 2009 – War in Afghanistan: British forces began Operation Panther's Claw, in which more than 350 troops made an aerial assault on Taliban positions in southern Afghanistan.