E1 Long Distance Path



The E1 European Long Distance Path is one of the many long-distance paths created by the European Rambler's Association. It starts in northernmost Norway and extends all the way down to Italy. It has a total length of 7,980 km (4,960 mi). One could hike the E1 in about a year.

Understand

[edit]
Midnight sun over the Barents Sea, with Nordkapp and its Worldglobe monument

The E1 Long Distance Path goes through many countries, including Norway, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. The E1, unlike trails such as the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), does not have a dedicated path. Instead, it is made up of separate local trails that are available in the area, at a few places with a dedicated connecting trail added. The Norwegian part was inaugurated in 2013.

Prepare

[edit]
Rávddajåhkå – typical river that may need to be forded in the north

Preparing for the hiking of the E1 trail is not that different from the hiking of other trails in their respective countries. For sections in the north (Nordkapp to southern Sweden), the article Hiking in the Nordic countries could be used. It covers everything from staying safe to gear issues. You will need at least a sleeping bag on those sections, and also tent and hiking mattress on some of them.

In addition to the advice gained from the articles listed above, one must also be prepared with some accommodation and resupply plans.

For cabins or huts in the Nordic countries, see Hiking in the Nordic countries#Sleep. Some are unmanned, either locked (in which case you want to have the key) or unlocked. Some need an advance reservation. Some are free for independent hikers, some are paid by an honour system. In the wilderness huts latecomers have an absolute right to the facilities: make room or leave – you did have time to get warm. There are also manned cabins. Even most of the manned cabins work mostly by self service: you are supposed to make firewood, carry water from the well and clean up, in unmanned cabins you need to know how to handle the stove and do some basic maintenance. Some of the open wilderness huts are Spartan indeed, with little more than a wood fired stove and some kind of bed (without even mattress), while some of the manned ones resemble hostels or B&Bs.

In Norway, the Børgefjell section and the next section to Sætertjønnhytta in Steinkjer are unmarked in the terrain, as required by the national park's regulations and asked by the Sámi. The route is marked on appropriate maps.

Get in

[edit]

The trailhead for the E1 European Long Distance Path is a Nordkapp ("North Cape"). The trailhead marks the northernmost point on continental Europe (more or less). One can hike the entire E1 trail, or sections of it. The sections are usually grouped by country, for administrative reasons, although the borders are not always the best places to begin walking a leg. You could choose to hike the entire thing, some sections, or the whole thing some sections at a time. The trail can be hiked from north to south or south to north.

Nordkapp

[edit]

You may choose the start the trail at its proper trailhead at Nordkapp. See its article for more options of getting in.

The local airport, Honningsvåg Airport, is 32 km away. Alternatives are at Alta and Lakselv, which offer more options airline-wise but are much farther away.

Map
'"`UNIQ--maplink-00000001-QINU`"'
E1 Transportation Options (Edit GPX)'"`UNIQ--indicator-00000002-QINU`"'
  • 1 Honningsvåg Airport (HVG IATA), Valan 9751 Honningsvåg, +47 41 70 66 40. The airport is at Valan, on the south side of Skipsfjorden, 4 km (2.5 mi) north of the town, and 31 km (19 mi) from the North Cape. The airport has a 880-by-30-meter (2,887 by 98 ft) asphalt runway which is operated by the state-owned Avinor. Flights are operated by Widerøe to Tromsø with connecting fights to Oslo. The airline also fly to other communities within Finnmark, who serve the airport with Dash 8-100 and Q200 aircraft.
  • 2 Alta Airport (ALF IATA), Alta Farm Forest 32, 9515, +47 67 03 49 00. The airport is located at Elvebakken, 4 km (2.5 mi) northeast of Bossekop in Alta. Alta Airport is owned and operated by the state-owned Avinor. The airport is served by Norwegian Air Shuttle and Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) with Boeing 737 aircraft on flights to Tromsø and Oslo. Widerøe operates services to Tromsø and several regional airports in Finnmark, feeding to the larger airlines' routes.
  • 3 Lakselv Airport (North Cape Airport, LKL IATA), Lakselv lufthavn, Banak, 9700 Lakselv, Norway, +47 67 03 50 00. Co-located with the military Station Group Banak, the airport is owned and operated by the state-owned Avinor. The airport is served by Widerøe with flights to Tromsø and seasonally by Norwegian Air Shuttle to Oslo, in addition to international charter services. In addition to serving Porsanger, the airport's catchment area includes Karasjok and Lebesby.

Nordkapp offers bus services from Honningsvåg Airport once a day. See this timetable from 2020 for approximate travel times.

Bus Timetable
Depart Airport Arrive Nordkapp Depart Nordkapp Arrive Airport
11:30 12:15 13:45 14:30

Note that the bus does leave the airport quite late in the morning. However, you should be able to hike to a campsite before the sun sets.

Walk

[edit]

Nordkapp - Kautokeino

[edit]
Map
Map of E1 Long Distance Path (Edit GPX)'"`UNIQ--indicator-00000007-QINU`"'

The first section of the hike encompasses the Finnmark section of the hike. There are many areas to camp within Finnmark, including camping sites as well as wilderness huts.

Nordkapp - Skarsvåg Crossing

[edit]

This is the first leg of the hike. It is one of the shorter legs and is pretty easy to hike, but watch out for cars! It starts out quite flat, but goes downhill starting from the 4-5 mile mark. It is about 12.5 km (7.8 mi) long, and is easily hiked in one day. As you set out from 1 Nordkapp, the trail/road is generally flat, grass is sparse and the landscape is barren. On your right is a small bay that leads to the ocean. The ocean will remain on your left for a large part of the hike. At about the 2.5 mile mark, a gradual incline begins and the ocean to your left disappears. It slowly levels out by the 4 mile mark, where the decline starts. When it begins to go down, the ocean will reappear at your right in the form of a small bay. After awhile, you will see a large lake called Kjeftavatnet. From here onwards until you reach the crossing, you will find an abundance of lakes, streams, and green grass.

When you arrive at Skarsvåg Crossing, there is a collection of really nice cabins called 1 Hytte Camp Nordkapp. You can reserve a camping on a booking website. You can reserve rooms with 2, 3, or 4 twin beds.

Skarsvåg Crossing - Nordkapptunnelen

[edit]

This is the second leg of the hike. Continue to follow the road until you arrive at an intersection with a sign pointing to the right saying "BirdSafari", "Gjesvaer", and camping symbols. Take a right turn here, and follow the road until you see a lake off to your left. This is the hard part. At this moment the E1 trail takes a left and goes across these hills, but trail markings here seem minimal, or to not exist at all! The map at the right shows the "supposed" route of the E1, and there have been reports of small dirt paths if you do follow the map exactly. Use your compass to do so at this point. You also may be able to find ATV tracks to guide you.

As you continue through the wilderness, you will end up at the coast on another road. Turn right onto this road and continue forward. As you continue, you will approach a sign called Sarnestunnelen. This is a tunnel, and the E1 avoids this by taking a detour to the left. Go left, continue after the road ends, and bear back onto the main road (the trail is not marked here). Continue straight. There will be a bridge, watch out for cars, but otherwise it is safe to pass. At the other side of the bridge will be a small parking lot called 4 Kobbholneset Parking. There are tables and flat ground for pitching tents there as well - a good place to rest for the night. This leg is about 20 km (12 mi) long.

Nordkapptunnelen - Várdánčohkka

[edit]

Finally, the leg that will take us off the island! The hiking will start getting longer from now on. The leg is 26 km (16 mi) long; be prepared to hike for around 10–11 hours today! As you get ready to go, note that today you will go under the tunnel. While it is safe, it is generally advised to wear high visibility vests and bring a flashlight. The crossing will take anywhere from 1 hour to 2 hours – the tunnel is 5 km (3.1 mi) long! Once you get off the island, trail markings should become more commonplace.

Once you get through to the mainland, you will hit a series of intense inclines and declines. Firstly, you have to turn right onto a small path marked by ATV tracks. It may be hard to follow, so use the map and a compass. You will start to go up on a steep uphill, which follows a river which is challenging to cross. After the very steep uphill, you will be rewarded with an amazing view of the island you just came from that is not to be missed.

Now for the river crossing. This is the most challenging of them all - the rest are comparatively easier. After you cross the river, you will follow another ATV track which seems to be following a former power line. The trail will then steeply decline down to sea level, which leads to a bay. After following the bay for a few kilometres, you will have to cross a small but deep stream.

After following the ocean for a few more kilometres, you will leave it by turning left and going on an incline yet again. It will continue to rise steadily until it is oriented with a reindeer fence. After awhile you will arrive at your lodging for the night, Várdánčohkka. It has simple cabins that has 2 pads for 2 people, but no beds. There is also no stove and only a very small square table in the cabin.

Vardanĉohkka - Stohpojohka

[edit]

As you approach Stohpojohka, the terrain gently descends, leading to a serene valley where the Stohpojohka Hut is nestled. This modest shelter, maintained by a local Sámi family, is open to all travelers and provides a welcome respite from the often harsh and windy conditions of the region. Inside, the guestbook chronicles the journeys of hikers from around the world, sharing tales of adventure and reflection.

Stohpojohka - Hattir Øst

[edit]

This stage of the E1 trail covers approximately 20.9 km, traversing the open tundra of Finnmark. The route is remote and exposed, with minimal shelter along the way, so proper clothing and equipment are essential. Weather conditions can change rapidly, even in summer. Upon reaching Hattir Øst, hikers will find a parking area near the E6 road. From here, it’s about 5 km to Russenes, where accommodations and supplies are available. A bus service from the E6 parking area to Russenes operates in the afternoon.

Hattir Øst - Duolbajárčopma

[edit]

This approximately 34 km stage of the E1 trail leads hikers deeper into the remote Finnmark plateau. The terrain consists of open tundra with minimal elevation changes, but the lack of shelter and exposure to the elements demand thorough preparation. Navigation skills are essential, as trail markings may be sparse. Upon reaching Duolbajárčopma, hikers will find a basic wilderness hut offering a place to rest and protection from the weather.

  • 3 Duolbajárčopma. Duolbajárčopma (Q134112508) on Wikidata

Duolbajarcopma - Bastingammen

[edit]

This stage of the E1 trail spans approximately 23 km, traversing the remote and rugged terrain of the Finnmark plateau. The route follows reindeer fences southward, then southwest over the slopes of Gildossoaivi, crossing a notably dry valley before ascending Holvungielas. Hikers will encounter the Leaktojavri river, which must be forded. To minimize river crossings, it’s advisable to stay alongside the reindeer fence, leading directly to the Bastingammen hut. This approach avoids the need to cross the river twice, as the hut is situated on the east side where the river is wider and more challenging to ford. At the end of the leg, you enter Stabbursdalen National Park. In October, make sure not to disturb passing reindeer herds (there are notes about this in the hut and elsewhere in the migration season).

  • 4 Bastingammen. Wood-fired stove for warmth and cooking. Bastingammen (Q134112686) on Wikidata

Bastingammen - Rukkujávri

[edit]

This 22.9 km stage of the E1 trail traverses the remote and rugged terrain of the Finnmark plateau. The route ascends approximately 488 meters and descends around 402 meters. Ruhkkojávri is a 2.5-km² lake on the open plateau. No cabin or hut here.

Ruhkkojavri - Bojobeaskihytta

[edit]

This remote stage of the E1 trail leads you deep into the wild, open landscapes of northern Norway. From Ruhkkojávri, the trail follows gentle, undulating terrain with sweeping views over lakes and endless tundra. The path can be faint and boggy in places, requiring good navigation skills and sturdy footwear. Wildlife such as reindeer and ptarmigan are commonly seen along the way. Bojobeaskihytta, a small self-service hut, offers a welcome shelter at the end of the day. Expect solitude, raw nature, and a true Arctic wilderness experience.

  • 5 DNT Bojobæskihytta. Alta og Omegn Turlag obetjent hytte, locked with the DNT lock. A new hut will be built in 2025, and the main hut will be closed during the project. DNT Bojobæskihytta (Q134112719) on Wikidata

Bojobeaskihytta - Mollesjohka Fjellstue

[edit]

Leaving the solitude of Bojobeaskihytta, the trail continues across rolling tundra and wide-open plateaus. The path is often unmarked and crosses several small streams, so waterproof boots are essential. As you approach Mollesjohka, the landscape becomes slightly more rugged with low hills and more defined valleys. Mollesjohka Fjellstue, a traditional mountain lodge, offers meals, warm beds, and a chance to recharge after the long stretch of wilderness. This stage offers a transition from remote hut-to-hut hiking toward slightly more serviced areas.

Mollesjohka Fjellstue - Ragesluoppal

[edit]

Departing from the comfort of Mollesjohka Fjellstue, the trail ventures deeper into the expansive wilderness of Finnmarksvidda. This stage traverses vast, open plateaus interspersed with numerous lakes and gentle hills. The path is often unmarked and can be boggy.

  • 7 Rágesluobbalat. Rágesluobbalat (Q134112741) on Wikidata

Ragesluoppal - Masi

[edit]

This challenging 30.2 km stage of the E1 trail leads hikers from the remote Ragesluoppal hut to the Sámi village of Masi (Maze) in Norway’s Finnmark region. The route traverses open tundra and gentle hills, with an elevation gain of 472 meters and a descent of 535 meters . Upon reaching Masi, hikers can find accommodation at the Masi Turistsenter, which offers meals and lodging .

  • 8 Badje Máze. Badje Máze (Q134112763) on Wikidata

Masi - Biggejávri

[edit]

This 16.2 km stage of the E1 trail leads hikers from the Sámi village of Masi into the remote wilderness of Finnmarksvidda. The route traverses open tundra and gentle hills, with an elevation gain of 214 meters and a descent of 117 meters . There are no accommodation or resupply options along this stretch, so hikers should be self-sufficient.

Biggejávri - Mierojávri

[edit]

This 25 km stage of the E1 trail guides hikers deeper into the secluded landscapes of Finnmarksvidda to the small settlement of Mierojávri.

  • 9 Mierojávri. Mierojávri (Q56767662) on Wikidata

Mierojávri - Kautokeino

[edit]

Kautokeino is one of the larger settlements for quite a while. Be sure to restock supplies while in town.

  • 10 Kautokeino. Kautokeino (Q2653806) on Wikidata Kautokeino (village) on Wikipedia

Kautokeino - Kilpisjärvi

[edit]
Above the treeline in Käsivarsi Wilderness Area, Finland

From the northern trailhead of Nordkalottleden outside Kautokeino, the E1 route coincides with it past Kilpisjärvi to the tripoint of Finland, Norway and Sweden. See Nordkalottleden for more details on this section.

As you leave Kautokeino you will have only one tiny village, Saraelv, on the route before you reach Kilpisjärvi in Finland after 190 km. There are several fords, not all of them necessarily easy.

The first part is on Finnmarksvidda, close to the treeline. Then you enter the deep and lush Reisa river valley (a national park). There are a few cabins and a few turf huts on the route to Saraelv, but distances between cabins are up to 30 km, perhaps too long for a day. Only the first cabin is manned, check key arrangements for the rest. Unless you manage to arrange for provisions in Saraelv, you have to carry nearly all your food. Saraelv is reachable by road and by river, and probably has mobile phone coverage.

The last leg, from Saraelv to Kilpisjärvi, is through the Finnish Käsivarsi Wilderness Area, staying above the treeline for several days. The first hut, by the border, is 30 km from Saraelv. In Finland there are Spartan wilderness huts 10–17 km apart, the last of which allow booking a bed in a locked part (again: check key arrangements). A tent is needed if you don't reach the huts or if they risk getting crowded.

Kilpisjärvi - Abisko Turiststation

[edit]
Dividalen in Øvre Dividal National Park, Norway, in late June

According to some sources, E1 coincides with Nordkalottleden for all this stage. Regardless, you can use that itinerary to get from Kilpisjärvi to Abisko.

From Kilpisjärvi to the Finland–Sweden–Norway tripoint you can either take a boat ride (in season) or hike through the Malla Strict Nature Reserve (11 km). There is a wilderness hut near the tripoint, with a locked part where you can reserve a bed. See Kilpisjärvi for this leg.

Onwards from the tripoint, E1 coincides with the Grensesømmen trail, mostly also with Nordkalottleden. There are huts 12–24 km apart, mostly unmanned, locked with the DNT key and without provisions. The trail passes Innset by Altevatnet/Alddesjávri, where it may be possible to arrange for provisions.

The first wilderness hut on the Norwegian side is Goldahytta, 3 km from the tripoint. This, like most huts in Norway, uses the DNT key. Here E1 leaves Nordkalottleden. Next are Gappohytta, 13 km farther and Rostahytta, 20 km more. Between these two the trail enters Sweden for a short while. Nordkalottleden joins again. There are roads 6 and 13 km away in the Rosta valley. See Nordkalottleden for the route onwards to Abisko.

Abisko Turiststation - Vaisaluokta

[edit]
Landscape in Abisko National Park

According to some sources, E1 coincides with Nordkalottleden for all this stage. Regardless, you can use that itinerary to get from Abisko to Vaisaluokta.

The next leg leads through the wild Narvik fells, with several days far above the treeline. You have to carry your food unless you arrange for provisions to be brought. Distances between huts are mostly 15–25 km, one leg is 54 km. The Norwegian hytte are unmanned and locked with the DNT key.

The first leg, to Abiskojaure, follows Nordkalottleden and Kungsleden, the most well-known among Swedish long-distance trails, and quite popular. E1 then leaves these two and crosses over to Norway. At Gautelis-hytta it re-joins Nordkalottleden.

Abiskojaure (15 km) should have shop and sauna. Unna Allakas (24 km) also has a shop, but has shorter season. The trail crosses over to Norway and goes via Cunojávri (by Čunojávri; 5 km), Caihnávággi (16 km), and Gautelishytta (15 km). There it joins Nordkalottleden and continues via Skoaddejávre hytta (17 km), Sitashytta (22 km), Paurohytta (24 km), Røysvatn hytta (25 km) and Rávddajávrre shelter (40 km) to Vaisaluokta fjällstuga (13 km). None of these have provisions, but the Vaisaluokta cabin is near a Sámi settlement with some provisions for sale.

Vaisaluokta - Sulitjelma

[edit]
Sorjushytta cabins seen across a lake, in August after a snowy winter

The next section, to Sulitjelma, coincides with Nordkalottleden, see it for details. There are provisions at the cabins in the Badjelánnda National Park, by the Sámi communities. The trail then goes up in the Sulitelma/Sulitjelma fells. Sulitelma was long believed to be the highest fell in Sweden, and the trail passes near large glaciers.

Sulitjelma - Grövelsjön

[edit]

The E1 forks off to the east between Ny-Sulitjelma fjellstue and the village, towards Lomivatnet (Loamejávrre). It turns south by the lake just before Lomihytta and continues to Tjalalveshytta (14 km) and onwards to the south along Grensesømmen and Nordlandsruta.

Check the route from Nordlandsruta to Grövelsjön.

Grövelsjön - Sälen

[edit]

The E1 follows Södra Kungsleden between Grövelsjön and Sälen. See that itinerary for details. Sälen is a small town best known as ski resort.

Sälen - Halmstad

[edit]

From Kloten, the trail coincides with the Bergslag Trail. From Halmstad, a ferry crosses Öresund to Grenå in Denmark.

Grenå - Århus

[edit]

In Denmark, the right to access and wild camping doesn't apply, but there is a more limited right of primitive camping and primitive campsites along the route.

Århus - Vrads

[edit]

Via Skanderborg to Virklund and from Virklund to Vrads on the Horsens Silkeborg naturstien.

Vrads - Germany

[edit]

In Vrads the route connects to the historic Hærvej, which continues south to the German border. It connects to the European walking route E6 near Padborg. From Bov a part of the Gendarmstien is used to link the Hærvejen to the German Ochsenweg. The border is crossed between Kruså and Kupfermühle.

Germany

[edit]

In Germany, the regional walking organisations are responsible for waymarking and maintaining the E1 in their area, with the Deutsche Wanderverband as the umbrella organisation.

Kupfermühle - Konstanz

Switzerland

[edit]

Schweizer Wanderwege is the organisation responsible for this section of the route.

Signage is generally for the national routes that the E1 follows.

The E1 crosses to Italy by Porto Ceresio.

Italy

[edit]

Federazione Italiana Escursionismo is the organisation responsible for this section of the route.

The route starts at Porto Ceresio, continuing to Lake Maggiore and the Ligurian Mountains (there is a spur to the Mediterranean at Genova), then to Passo della Bochetta. It then goes through the eastern part of the Ligurian Mountains (Alta Via dei Monti Liguri) to Passo dei Due Santi. It continues along the Apennine ridge through Tuscany (Grande Escursione Appenninica) to Bocca Trabaria, then along the Apennine ridge through Umbria to Castelluccio. The route goes through mountains along the Abruzzo/Lazio border, passing through Simbruini, Ernici, and the Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park to the Lazio/Molise border at Scapoli. The last leg continues through Campania, Basilicata, Calabria and Sicily, ending in Capo Passero. This final section has not yet been completed as of 2023 and is therefore not continuous.

Stay safe

[edit]

What dangers to take into account has little in common in the north and in the south.

In Norway, Finland and Sweden the trail goes mostly through wilderness, where you may not see people for days and the nearest dwelling may indeed be more than a day's hike away. Add that phone coverage may be spotty, and you may have to help yourself in any situation until you are able to fetch help yourself (usually by reaching phone coverage on higher ground). Temperatures may be cool. Wind chill and rain in treeless areas, where there is no shelter other than the wilderness huts and your tent, can put your equipment and stamina to a test. Don't go unprepared. You will also need to know how to use a map and compass, as markings are less eye-catching on some legs, and you do not want to get lost in these areas.

Go next

[edit]

You could hike another one of Europe's long distance paths! The trails E5, E7, E10, and E12 all have legs within Italy, the last country the E1 Long Distance Path goes into. Both the E5 and the E12 end in Italy, so you can hike those backwards as well.

This itinerary to E1 Long Distance Path is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!