-- documentation local citationCOinS = { 	suite  = 'Citation', 	sub    = 'COinS',  	serial = '2022-10-21' }  -- module variable and administration local cc = { 	moduleInterface = citationCOinS }  -- module import -- require( 'strict' ) local ci = require( 'Module:Citation/i18n' ) local cu = require( 'Module:Citation/utilities' )  function cc.prepareForCOinS( args ) 	local function pagesMatch( s ) 		if not cu.isSet( s ) then 			return '' 		end  		s = s:match( '%a*%d+%s*%-%s*%a*%d+' ) or s:match( '%a*%d+' ) or 			-- Roman numerals 			s:match( '[Cc]*[LlXxVvIi]+%s*%-%s*[Cc]*[LlXxVvIi]+' ) or 			s:match( '[Cc]*[LlXxVvIi]+' ) or '' 		s = s:gsub( ' ', '' )  		if s ~= '' and not s:match( '%d+' ) then -- Roman numerals 			local tab = mw.text.split( s, '-', true ) 			for key, value in ipairs( tab ) do 				if value == '' or 					not value:match( '^[Cc]*[Xx]?[Ll]?[Xx]*[Ii]?[Vv]?[Ii]*$' ) then 					s = '' 					break 				end 			end 		end 		if s == '' then 			cu.addErrorMsg( ci.texts.wrongPages ) 		end 		return s 	end  	for key, value in pairs( args ) do 		if ci.params[ key ] then 			args[ key ] = cu.coinsCleanup( args[ key ] )  		end 	end  	args.pages = pagesMatch( args.pages ) 	args.columns = pagesMatch( args.columns ) 	if cu.isSet( args.columns ) and not cu.isSet( args.pages ) then 		args.pages = args.columns 	end 	args.extent = args.extent:match( '%d+' )  	-- only first author 	args.author = cu.getFirst( args.author or '', ';' ) 	local s, count 	s, count = args.author:gsub( ',', ',' ) 	if count > 1 then 		args.author = cu.getFirst( args.author, ',' ) 	end 	for key, value in ipairs( { 'author', 'editor' } ) do 		args[ value ] = mw.ustring.gsub( args[ value ], '[%[%]!#$%%%*%+%?]', '' ) 	end  	args.isbn = cu.getFirst( args.isbn or '', ',' ) 	args.isbn = args.isbn:match( '[%d%-Xx]+' ) end  function cc.makeCOinS( args ) 	local rft = {}  	local function insertCOinS( key, value ) 		if cu.isSet( value ) then 			table.insert( rft, key .. '=' .. mw.uri.encode( '' .. value, 'PATH' ) ) 		end 	end  	-- make COinS (ContextObjects in Spans, OpenURL) format 	-- https://groups.niso.org/apps/group_public/download.php/14833/z39_88_2004_r2010.pdf 	-- https://www.oclc.org/developer/develop/web-services/worldcat-knowledge-base-api/openurl-resource.en.html  	-- handle titles 	-- maps handled like books 	if args.type == 'book' or args.type == 'map' or args.type == 'bookitem' then 		table.insert( rft, 'rft_val_fmt=' 			.. mw.uri.encode( 'info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book', 'PATH' ) ) 		if args.type == 'bookitem' then 			table.insert( rft, 'rft.genre=bookitem' ) 			insertCOinS( 'rft.atitle', args.title ) 			insertCOinS( 'rft.btitle', args.collection ) 		else 			table.insert( rft, 'rft.genre=book' ) 			insertCOinS( 'rft.btitle', args.title ) 		end  	-- newspaper is now handled like a journal to improve data import 	elseif args.type == 'journal' or args.type == 'newspaper' then 		table.insert( rft, 'rft_val_fmt=' 			.. mw.uri.encode( 'info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal', 'PATH' ) ) 		table.insert( rft, 'rft.genre=article' ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.atitle', args.title ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.jtitle', args.type == 'journal' and args.journal or args.newspaper )  	-- handle web 	-- DCMI: Dublin Core™ Metadata 	-- https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dces/ 	else 		table.insert( rft, 'rft_val_fmt=' 			.. mw.uri.encode( 'info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dc', 'PATH' ) ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.type', 'webpage' ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.title', args.title ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.source', args.website ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.identifier', args.url ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.description', args.comment ) 		insertCOinS( 'rft.format', args.format ) 	end  	if #rft > 2 then 		local prefix 		local rftUrl = ( cu.isSet( args.url ) and not args.url:find( 'doi.org/', 1, true ) ) 			and args.url or '' 		for key, value in pairs( ci.params ) do 			if cu.isSet( args[ key ] ) and value.COinS then 				if key == 'date' and args.dateFormat == 'R' then 					insertCOinS( value.COinS, string.sub( args[ key ], 1, 4 ) ) 				elseif value.COinS ~= 'rft.jtitle' and value.COinS ~= 'rft.title' then 					prefix = value.COinS:sub( 1, 3 ) 					if prefix == 'rft' then 						insertCOinS( value.COinS, args[ key ] ) 					elseif prefix == 'inf' then 						table.insert( rft, 'rft_id=' .. 							mw.uri.encode( value.COinS .. '/' .. args[ key ], 'PATH' ) ) 					elseif prefix == 'url' and rftUrl == '' then 						rftUrl = value.url:format( args[ key ] ) 					elseif prefix == 'jst' then 						if not cu.isSet( args.doi ) then 							table.insert( rft, 'rft_id=' .. 								mw.uri.encode( 'info:doi/' .. value.doi:format( args[ key ] ), 'PATH' ) ) 						end 						if rftUrl == '' then 							rftUrl = value.url:format( args[ key ] ) 						end 					end 				end 			end 		end 		if rftUrl ~= '' then 			if rftUrl:match( '^//' ) then 				rftUrl = 'https:' .. rftUrl 			end 			table.insert( rft, 'rft_id=' .. mw.uri.encode( rftUrl, 'PATH' ) ) 		end  		table.insert( rft, 1, 'rfr_id=' 			.. mw.uri.encode( 'info/sid:/' .. ci.project.name, 'PATH' ) ) 		table.insert( rft, 1, 'ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004' ) 		return tostring( mw.html.create( 'span' ) 			:addClass( 'Z3988' ) 			:attr( 'title', table.concat( rft, '&' ) ) 		) 	end 	return '' end  return cc